Doom did have text chat, much in the same vein as Quake later on.
However, Doom originally didn't have TCP/IP, it only supported IPX/SPX networking on LANs. (Though, why use chat when you can yell.) It also supported point to point modem connections, for which the text chat was probably useful. Later versions of Doom and all modern source ports support TCP/IP though.
Doom did have text chat, much in the same vein as Quake later on.
However, Doom originally didn't have TCP/IP, it only supported IPX/SPX networking on LANs. (Though, why use chat when you can yell.) It also supported point to point modem connections, for which the text chat was probably useful. Later versions of Doom and all modern source ports support TCP/IP though.