this post was submitted on 10 Dec 2025
601 points (97.6% liked)

linuxmemes

28417 readers
2057 users here now

Hint: :q!

Sister communities:

Community rules (click to expand)

1. Follow the site-wide rules

2. Be civil
  • Understand the difference between a joke and an insult.
  • Do not harrass or attack users for any reason. This includes using blanket terms, like "every user of thing".
  • Don't get baited into back-and-forth insults. We are not animals.
  • Leave remarks of "peasantry" to the PCMR community. If you dislike an OS/service/application, attack the thing you dislike, not the individuals who use it. Some people may not have a choice.
  • Bigotry will not be tolerated.
    • 3. Post Linux-related content
  • Including Unix and BSD.
  • Non-Linux content is acceptable as long as it makes a reference to Linux. For example, the poorly made mockery of sudo in Windows.
  • No porn, no politics, no trolling or ragebaiting.
  • Don't come looking for advice, this is not the right community.
    • 4. No recent reposts
  • Everybody uses Arch btw, can't quit Vim, <loves/tolerates/hates> systemd, and wants to interject for a moment. You can stop now.
    • 5. 🇬🇧 Language/язык/Sprache
  • This is primarily an English-speaking community. 🇬🇧🇦🇺🇺🇸
  • Comments written in other languages are allowed.
  • The substance of a post should be comprehensible for people who only speak English.
  • Titles and post bodies written in other languages will be allowed, but only as long as the above rule is observed.
    • 6. (NEW!) Regarding public figuresWe all have our opinions, and certain public figures can be divisive. Keep in mind that this is a community for memes and light-hearted fun, not for airing grievances or leveling accusations.
  • Keep discussions polite and free of disparagement.
  • We are never in possession of all of the facts. Defamatory comments will not be tolerated.
  • Discussions that get too heated will be locked and offending comments removed.
    •  

    Please report posts and comments that break these rules!

    Important: never execute code or follow advice that you don't understand or can't verify, especially here. The word of the day is credibility. This is a meme community -- even the most helpful comments might just be shitposts that can damage your system. Be aware, be smart, don't remove France.

    founded 2 years ago
    MODERATORS
    zephyr@lemmy.world
    rtxn@lemmy.world
    601
    Command line tip of the day (lemmy.world)
    submitted 3 days ago by yesman@lemmy.world to c/linuxmemes@lemmy.world
    159 comments fedilink hide all child comments
     
    you are viewing a single comment's thread
    view the rest of the comments
    [–] Zeroc00l@sh.itjust.works 23 points 3 days ago (5 children)

    Novice homelaber here, is this just a case of apt update & upgrade or is there different commands for security and kernel updates? Also what’s your preferred backup/restore software? Thanks!

    [–] JackbyDev@programming.dev 21 points 3 days ago (3 children)

    I think you can do apt upgrade --update now.

    [–] JargonWagon@lemmy.world 6 points 3 days ago* (last edited 3 days ago) (3 children)

    WHAT. Does this do both sudo apt update and sudo apt upgrade?

    [–] cypherpunks@lemmy.ml 5 points 2 days ago (1 children)

    see also --autoremove

    [–] JargonWagon@lemmy.world 1 points 2 days ago* (last edited 2 days ago) (1 children)

    Your note is very interesting about the difference between the commands and how autoremove will automatically remove stuff before or after the upgrade is performed. Should it always be done after, or are there instances when running it before is more beneficial? Is there any need to do both like this:

    # sudo apt --update --autoremove upgrade -y && sudo apt autoremove -y
    [–] cypherpunks@lemmy.ml 2 points 2 days ago

    I can't really imagine a benefit to --autoremove except for keeping old packages a bit longer before removing them.

    Eg, if you run apt --update --autoremove upgrade -y once a day you'll keep your prior-to-currently-running-version kernel packages a day longer than if you ran autoremove immediately after each upgrade.

    To make things more confusing: the new-ish apt full-upgrade command seems to remove most of what apt autoremove wants to... but not quite everything. 🤷

    [–] JackbyDev@programming.dev 4 points 3 days ago

    I think so. I read it a few months back, but I don't use any apt based systems to check on.

    [–] TerraRoot@sh.itjust.works 4 points 3 days ago* (last edited 2 days ago) (1 children)

    'apt upgrade -U'

    [–] jcr@jlai.lu 2 points 2 days ago (1 children)

    Incredible that it's not written everywhere, I always wanted to use something like this without the " update && upgrade" which looks like is not working oftentimes

    [–] TerraRoot@sh.itjust.works 2 points 2 days ago (1 children)

    Is it really not written? I saw apt upgrade --update and knew the standard shortcut would be -u, but that didn't work so I tried -U, bingo bongo off I went.

    [–] jcr@jlai.lu 1 points 2 days ago

    It am quite sure in the manual, but if you just look on the interwebz tutorials every command line just writes the full shebang. So you don't look up the manual and get flabbergasted when you see this post. btw: if you are able to guess "what the standard shortcut would be", you are a wizard Harry 🥳

    [–] Ghoelian@piefed.social 18 points 3 days ago (3 children)

    Nope it's just apt update & upgrade. Iirc apt tells you when the kernel was updated and needs a reboot as well.

    [–] ozymandias117@lemmy.world 5 points 3 days ago

    Only if you installed the package needrestart

    [–] ryannathans@aussie.zone 3 points 3 days ago (1 children)

    full-upgrade probably a better pick

    [–] Ghoelian@piefed.social 1 points 1 day ago (1 children)

    Is it? Afaik that also removes incompatible packages so if you've installed some custom stuff that might not be the best option.

    [–] ryannathans@aussie.zone 1 points 1 day ago

    You should be reading the proposed changes before pushing yes. But regardless you can get stuck upgrading if you use only "upgrade" when dependences intentionally incompatibly change by package maintainers

    [–] littleomid@feddit.org 1 points 3 days ago

    Not if you use Proxmox! One has to be careful.

    [–] Nomad@infosec.pub 6 points 3 days ago

    Kernel updates are usually held back and need to be selected manually. E.g. apt-get install linux-image-amd64.

    I prefer rsync for private backups and employ bareos in my company for all servers.

    [–] zr0@lemmy.dbzer0.com 10 points 3 days ago* (last edited 3 days ago) (2 children)

    Borg

    restic (thanks @Xylight@lemdro.id )

    backrest (restic with WebUI)

    [–] Xylight@lemdro.id 10 points 3 days ago (2 children)

    Also worth checking out restic. It's more command line oriented and is generally stateless

    [–] Samsy@lemmy.ml 3 points 3 days ago* (last edited 3 days ago)

    I configured restic once, forget about it and saved my files because it was making backups since forever.

    [–] zr0@lemmy.dbzer0.com 1 points 3 days ago (1 children)

    Oh, never heard about it. A quick research showed me that restic is a very viable solution. Thanks for mentioning it, I added it to my comment.

    While researching, I also came across a fancy WebUI, which is mostly what non-CLI users want: backrest

    [–] Ekpu@lemmy.world 1 points 2 days ago* (last edited 16 hours ago)

    I am using restic and backrest on my yunohost server and I really like it! It is really set up and forget for me. Only the uploads to backblaze b2 are still triggered manually. Also did a full recovery from the backblaze repo (downloaded locally) without problems.

    Also just now heard about Zerobyte it is a backup solution based on restic and looks very good!

    [–] 7U5K3N@lemmy.dbzer0.com 1 points 3 days ago

    Thanks just installed immich and I need a quality backup system.

    I appreciate the link!

    [–] cRazi_man@europe.pub 1 points 3 days ago* (last edited 3 days ago) (1 children)

    I'm not the person you asked the question of. I'm a fellow novice homelaber.

    I use Kopia to backup my data folders and Docker container data. Works really well. The project for this weekend is to set offsite backups to be uploaded to iDrive.

    When I update I use this:

    sudo apt update && \ sudo apt upgrade -y && \ sudo apt full-upgrade -y && \ flatpak update -y 2>/dev/null; \ sudo apt autoremove -y && \ sudo apt autoclean && \ sudo journalctl --vacuum-time=7d

    [–] ryannathans@aussie.zone 1 points 3 days ago

    You can get rid of upgrade if you also use full-upgrade