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Ontario Police Deploy Secret Spyware That Lets Them Remotely Take Over Your Phone
(www.gadgetreview.com)
This is a most excellent place for technology news and articles.
If you turn your phone off when being pulled over would it make any difference or does the spyware still do its thing?
More than likely yes. It disables biometrics and forces the use of a passcode if you have one enabled.
On Apple devices and Android devices go into lockdown mode when they are restarted.
Both of them will when left idle for a select period of time it will reboot. This is called Inactivity reboot. This basically forces the phone into lockdown mode.
These are new features that have been implemented on Apple and Android respectively fairly recently.
Apple phones also have the ability to wipe themselves away when left off for too long. You can do this with some versions of android but for the most part the one I know of is Graphene OS.